Materials testing equipment refers to instruments and equipment used to test the mechanical and technological properties of materials, parts, and components. These precision testing instruments determine the mechanical properties, technological properties, internal defects, and verify the dynamic imbalance of rotating parts of metallic and non-metallic materials, mechanical parts, and engineering structures under various conditions and environments. They are widely used in materials science, machinery manufacturing, aerospace, and automotive manufacturing.
The core equipment of materials testing equipment, the universal testing machine, can be classified into hydraulic, electronic, and mechanical types. In 1638, Galileo measured the bending strength of materials by applying net weight; in 1729, the first materials testing machine was invented; in 1908, a universal testing machine with nut and screw loading was developed; from 1932 to 1933, Deng Yuemo designed and manufactured a 50,000-pound materials testing machine, the first universal materials testing machine designed and manufactured by the Chinese themselves; in 1943, Instron developed the first displacement closed-loop control electronic universal materials testing machine. Due to its advantages such as high precision and high stability, the market demand for electronic universal testing machines is growing rapidly and is developing towards intelligence and automation.