The concrete compression testing machine mainly consists of three parts: the frame, the hydraulic control system, and the force measuring system. The frame is constructed from an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, and columns connecting them. The upper crossbeam is equipped with an adjusting screw for adjusting the spacing between the pressure plates. The hydraulic control system includes components such as an oil tank, hydraulic pump, drive motor, oil supply valve, and oil return valve, responsible for generating and transmitting the test force. The core of the force measuring system is the pressure sensor, which converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal. After processing, the force value is displayed on a digital instrument or computer, and it also has data storage and printing functions.
Its basic working principle combines hydraulic transmission with electronic force measurement. The motor drives the hydraulic pump to pressurize the hydraulic oil in the tank into the main cylinder through the oil supply valve, pushing the piston and upper pressure plate to apply vertical pressure to the specimen. The pressure sensor detects changes in oil pressure in real time and converts them into electrical signals. After processing, the force value is displayed digitally, and the compressive strength can be automatically calculated. After the test is completed, the oil return valve is opened to allow the hydraulic oil to flow back to the oil tank, and the piston falls back.
Electro-hydraulic servo concrete compression testing machines (such as the YAW-2000 model) employ high-precision digital servo valves and computers to achieve closed-loop force control. The computer controls the opening and direction of the servo valve according to a pre-set program, thereby precisely adjusting the flow rate and pressure entering the hydraulic cylinder, achieving accurate and stable control of the loading process.