Universal testing machines do not require an oil source, making them cleaner and easier to use and maintain. Their testing speed range is adjustable, from 0.001 mm/min to 1000 mm/min, with speed ratios reaching up to 1 million times. The testing stroke can be customized as needed, offering greater flexibility. They boast high force measurement accuracy, some even reaching 0.2%. Their small size, light weight, and large footprint allow for easy addition of appropriate devices to perform various material mechanics tests, truly achieving multi-purpose functionality. Currently, mainstream domestic testing machine manufacturers produce electronic universal testing machines that can achieve so-called three-closed-loop control: load control, strain control, and displacement control.
Hydraulic universal testing machines, limited by oil flow, have lower testing speeds. Manual hydraulic universal testing machines are easier to operate and cheaper, but have lower control accuracy. Electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machines, while slower, offer comparable control accuracy to electronic universal testing machines.